A violência, o terrorismo e a pobreza são os assuntos que mais preocupam as crianças no mundo. No Brasil, 82% das crianças temem principalmente a violência – é o país em que essa preocupação atingiu o índice mais alto.
A informação foi divulgada pelo Fundo das Nações Unidas para a Infância (Unicef) , que realizou pesquisa em 14 países para marcar o Dia Mundial das Crianças, lembrado hoje (20). Foram ouvidas 11 mil crianças de 9 a 18 anos na África do Sul, Brasil, Egito, Estados Unidos, Holanda, Índia, Japão, Malásia, México, Nigéria, Nova Zelândia, Quênia, Reino Unido e Turquia.
Na preocupação com a violência, o Brasil é seguido pelo México e pela Nigéria, onde o índice supera os 70%. Já no Japão, apenas 23% das crianças pensam na violência da mesma forma. Outros temas que angustiam as crianças são a educação de baixa qualidade (principalmente no Brasil e na Nigéria) e o terrorismo (com destaque para Egito e Turquia).
Em todo o mundo, metade das crianças se sentem marginalizadas em relação às decisões que as afetam e dizem que não são ouvidas: 45% delas não confiam que os líderes mundiais possam tomar boas decisões em seu nome. No Brasil, o pior caso, este índice sobe para 81%.
O tratamento injusto de refugiados é outra inquietação, que atinge 40% das crianças no México, no Brasil e na Turquia.
Crianças no controle
Para marcar o Dia Mundial da Criança, 130 países realizam ações em que as crianças e adolescentes assumem o controle de importantes instituições. A iniciativa, batizada de #CriançasNoControle, tem ações em oito capitais brasileiras.
“É o dia que marca a importância de se dar voz a meninos e meninas e garantir que eles sejam protagonistas nas decisões que afetam a sua vida”, afirmou Florence Bauer, representante do Unicef no Brasil. Em São Luís, os adolescentes Thiago Emanuel Leite Cutrim e Kimberly Saori Marques Viegas tornaram-se o prefeito e a vice-prefeita crianças. Os alunos do 6º ano da Unidade de Educação Básica Maria Rocha foram eleitos após apresentar um projeto de reciclagem na escola. Eles foram diplomados pelo Tribunal Regional Eleitoral maranhense e tomaram posse na Câmara Municipal. O prefeito criança eleito, Thiago Cutrim, reafirmou o compromisso de desenvolver ações de sustentabilidade. “Temos que fazer o local em que vivemos mais agradável”, declarou.
No evento, 12 adolescentes apresentaram suas propostas e expectativas para as autoridades presentes. Na ocasião, a prefeitura de São Luís aderiu à iniciativa de Busca Ativa Escolar, que localiza crianças e adolescentes fora da escola e os leva de volta à sala de aula.
No Rio de Janeiro, adolescentes serão os protagonistas, amanhã (21), no Ministério Público Estadual. Uma estudante assumirá o lugar do procurador-geral na abertura da reunião solene do Órgão Especial do Colégio de Procuradores de Justiça do Rio de Janeiro e outros dois menores farão discursos no evento. Eles também serão recebidos pelo secretário estadual de Segurança Pública, Roberto Sá, e pelo secretário municipal de Educação, César Benjamin.
Por Cauby Fernandes
Com informações da Agência Brasil.
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