Política

Julgamento de Bolsonaro: Ministro Benedito Gonçalves vota pela inelegibilidade

Ministro Benedito Gonçalves votou pela inelegibilidade do ex-presidente. Relator, primeiro a votar, afirmou que não é possível fechar os olhos a discursos de ódio e mentiras.

Acusado de abuso de poder político e uso indevido dos meios de comunicação em razão de uma reunião que fez com embaixadores estrangeiros, em julho do ano passado, no Palácio da Alvorada, o ex-presidente enfrenta grande problema  na sua vida política.

Ele é acusado de  difamar  sem provas as urnas eletrônicas e o sistema eleitoral brasileiro. A reunião foi transmitida pelo canal oficial de TV do governo e por diversos canais no Youtube.

A sessão  recomeçou com a apresentação do voto do ministro e relator do processo, Benedito Gonçalves. Esse foi o primeiro o voto. Benedito votou pela inelegibilidade de Bolsonaro.

O ministro leu cerca de 300 páginas,  fazendo apenas um resumo do enorme texto.

Veja os principais pontos:

Objetivos eleitorais

“A reunião portanto teve finalidade eleitoral, mirando influenciar o eleitorado e a opinião pública nacional e internacional com uso da estrutura pública e das prerrogativas do cargo de presidente da República foi contaminado por desvio de finalidade em favor da candidatura da chapa investigada”, leu o ministro.

Vantagem eleitoral

 

Gonçalves também escreveu que Bolsonaro tirou vantagem eleitoral da reunião com os embaixadores.

“O evento ocorreu quase um mês antes do início da propaganda eleitoral – em momento no qual já era notícia a pré-candidatura do primeiro investigado à reeleição – e possibilitou a projeção midiática de temas que foram explorados continuamente na campanha, assegurando vantagem eleitoral triplamente indevida, em função do momento, do veículo e do conteúdo.”

‘Discurso violento’ e mentiras

 

Relator de ação contra Bolsonaro diz não ser possível fechar olhos para mentiras e discurso violento.

“Em razão da grande relevância e da performance discursiva para o processo eleitoral e para a vida política, não é possível fechar os olhos para os efeitos antidemocráticos de discursos violentos e de mentiras que colocam em xeque a credibilidade da Justiça Eleitoral”, escreveu Gonçalves.

Papel de um presidente da República

 

Benedito Gonçalves lembrou que é papel do presidente da República zelar pela livre atividades do Legislativo, do Executivo e do Judiciário.

“Quem exerce a chefia do Poder Executivo federal é pessoalmente responsável por zelar pelo livre exercício do Poder Legislativo, Judiciário, do Ministério Público e dos poderes constitucionais das unidades da federação, pelo exercício dos direitos políticos e segurança interna. As normas acima transcritas constituem padrões de conduta democrática. Sua observância é irrecusável e objetivamente imposta, independentemente de haver ou não adesão moral e íntima por parte do mandatário”, explicitou o relator.

“O primeiro investigado [Bolsonaro] violou ostensivamente deveres de presidente da República, inscritos na Constituição, em especial zelar pelo exercício livre dos Poderes constituídos e segurança interna”, continuou.

Acirramento das tensões

 

Em seu voto, Benedito Gonçalves afirmou que Bolsonaro influenciou o eleitorado, mobilizou “sentimentos negativos”, acirrou tensões institucionais e “instigou a crença de que a adulteração de resultados era uma ameaça que rondava o pleito de 2022”.

“Os ilícitos perpetrados pessoalmente pelo primeiro investigado [Jair Bolsonaro], na condição de presidente da República, chefe de Estado, candidato à reeleição em 2022, esgarçaram a normalidade democrática e isonomia. Ao propor uma cruzada contra uma inexistente para fraudar as eleições, [ele] não estava perdido em autoengano. Estava fazendo política e estava fazendo campanha. A recusa de valor ao conhecimento técnico a respeito das urnas e a repulsa à autoridade do TSE foram manejadas como ferramentas de engajamento.”

Banalização do golpismo

 

O ministro avaliou que as declarações de Bolsonaro levaram a uma “banalização do golpismo”, que foi representada pela minuta golpista de intervenção no TSE.

“A banalização do golpismo – meramente simbolizada, nestes autos, pela minuta que propunha intervir no TSE e dormitava, sem causar desassossego, em uma pasta na residência do ex-ministro da Justiça – é um desdobramento grave de ataques infundados ao sistema eleitoral de votação. O primeiro investigado [Bolsonaro] não é, certamente o único elo que conecta esses fenômenos. Mas é pessoalmente responsável pela preparação, execução e transmissão do encontro de 18 de julho de 2022 e, sobretudo, pelos efeitos pragmáticos da mensagem que deliberadamente difundiu naquela data”, disse.

Bolsonaro preparou o material sem ministros

 

Analisando as provas apresentadas ao longo do processo, Benedito concluiu que o material da apresentação feita aos embaixadores não teve a participação de ministérios, como o MRE e a Casa Civil. Com isso, concluiu que Bolsonaro foi o integral responsável pelo material.

Danos de informações falsas

 

O ministro relatou em detalhes os ataques sem provas veiculados por Bolsonaro na reunião:

  • acusação infundada de manipulação de votos em 2018
  • insinuações de ataque hacker ao sistema eleitoral,
  • falsos argumentos para a rejeição da PEC do voto impresso,
  • falsa alegação de recusa do TSE às sugestões das Forças Armadas em 2022
  • utilização das missões para conferir ares de “legitimidade” a resultados.

“Há de se reconhecer que a divulgação de notícias falsas é, em tese, capaz de vulnerar bens jurídicos eleitorais de caráter difuso, desde que sejam efetivamente graves e assim se amolda ao conceito de abuso”, disse o ministro.

Ele ainda disse que a conduta de Bolsonaro difundiu “severa desordem informacional” sobre o sistema eletrônico de votação, em benefício da candidatura.

“Difundiu informações falsas a respeito do sistema eletrônico de votação, direcionado a convencer que havia grave risco de que as eleições de 2022 fossem fraudadas para assegurar a vitória do candidato adversário”, completou Gonçalves.

Forças Armadas

 

Benedito nota que, no discurso aos embaixadores, Bolsonaro faz referência às Forças Armadas usando o pronome “nós”, numa “leitura distorcida” de suas funções, e enxergando-se como um “militar em exercício, à frente das tropas”, mostrando também “descaso com a conquista democrática após o regime ditatorial”.

“No ponto possivelmente de maior tensionamento do discurso, o primeiro investigado, em leitura distorcida de sua competência privativa para exercer o comando supremo das Forças Armadas, enxerga-se como militar em exercício à frente das tropas. As passagens deixam entrever um preocupante descaso em relação a uma conquista democrática de incomensurável importância do pós-ditadura, que é sujeição do poderio militar brasileiro a uma máxima autoridade civil democraticamente eleita”, leu Gonçalves.

Minuta do golpe

 

O relator considerou que é válida como prova a minuta do golpe, apreendida na casa de Anderson Torres, ex-ministro de Bolsonaro.

Para ele, o documento é “golpismo em sua essência”.

“A minuta de decreto e a medida que nela é proposta, portanto, rondar ao menos o entorno do primeiro investigado [Bolsonaro]. Este seguia após o pleito proferindo discursos codificados, com uma persistente menção a uma tentativa de encontrar solução dentro das quatro linhas da Constituição. Enquanto isso, ao alcance do ministro da Justiça, um documento permitia visualizar formas jurídicas que poderiam ser utilizadas para responder aos contínuos reclames do primeiro investigado de que algo precisava ser feito para impedir o êxito da suposta manipulação de resultados de 2022”, completou o ministro.

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